4 P's of Marketing

Marketing Mix Variables / 4 P's of Marketing.

1. PRODUCT VARIABLES;-

• Product line and Range
• Design, Quality, Features, Models, Size.
• Warranty of Product 
• Packaging, Type, appearance and label.
• Branding and Trade mark
• Service, pre-sale and after sale
• New Products.

2.  PRICE VARIABLES ;;

• Pricing policies
• Levels of Prices 
• Level of Margin
• Discounts and Rebates
• Terms of delivery
• Payment terms, credit terms
• Resale price maintenance

3. PLACE VARIABLES :: 

• Channels of distribution
• Types of intermediaries
• Location of Outlets
• Channel policy & design
• Channel Remuneration
• Dealer-Principal relations
• Physical Distribution
• Transportation, warehousing
• Inventory levels
• Order processing

4. PROMOTION VARIABLES ::

• Advertising, media-mix
• Level of efforts, personal selling
• Quality of sales force
• Cost level, level of motivation
• Budgets, allocations and programmes
• Sales promotional efforts, display, contest
• Trade promotion
• Publicity and public Relations.